Volume 9, Issue 10, November 2018


Pollution Emissions Forecasting: Case Study of Domestic Flights of the Petrolina Airport

Daniel Alberto Pamplona, Bruno Bezerra Bluhm, Claudio Jorge Pinto Alves

Air Transportation Department, Aeronautics Institute of Technology, Praca Marechal Eduardo Gomes, 50. 12280250 - Sao Jose dos Campos-SP, Brazil
Aeronautics Institute of Technology, Praca Marechal Eduardo Gomes, 50. 12280250 - Sao Jose dos Campos-SP, Brazil

Abstract- In the last decades, the concern with the emissions of the pollutants by the air transportation and the impacts caused to the human health has increased. The aim of this paper is to present an econometric model for forecasting emissions of pollutants generated by domestic flights, with a case study at Petrolina Airport. A demand forecast study was carried out until the year 2020. The number of flights and the emissions generated in the landing and take-off cycles were taken into account. With the results, it was possible to present a predictive model of the number of pollutants emitted in the atmosphere.

Keywords- Emissions, Air Pollution, Linear Regression and Predictive Model

Download full paper PDF format (Page: 1-5)

Numerical Analysis of Mathematical Model for Carbon Pollution in Roads with Ventilated Embankmentsin Absence and Presence of Forced Convection

J.O. Awino, T.J. O. Aminer, T.M. Onyango, N.B. Okelo

Department of Pure and Applied Mathematics, Jaramogi Oginga Odinga University of Science and Technology, P. O. Box 210-40601, Bondo-Kenya
School of Mathematics and Actuarial Science The Technical University of Kenya, P. O. Box 52428-00200, Nairobi-Kenya

Abstract- In this paper, a two dimensional grid based numerical carbon pollution model for the estimation of carbon pollutant concentrations in roads is developed. The simulations of carbon pollutants in roads with ventilated embankments have been presented. Based on a two dimensional advection - diffusion transport equation, the modeling system incorporates the combined influence of both model input and environmental parameters. Absence and presence of forced convection are considered, with the provision of ventilations on the walls of embankment. Boundary conditions and environmental factors are varied to achieve the desired results. Carbon concentrations is approximated by using Godunov finite volume technique. The solutions of calculated carbon pollutant concentrations at different distances,both in the horizontal and vertical directions from the source are compared. The results suggest that the advection - diffusion model is satisfactory for simulating the effect of free and forced convection on carbon concentrations in roads with ventilated embankments.

Keywords- Advection, Diffusion, Convection and Godunov Finite Volume Method

Download full paper PDF format (Page: 6-11)

Numerical Aerodynamics Analysis of the of the Archimedes Screw Wind Turbine

Sahand Ebrahimi, M. Aref Ghassemi

Department of Maritime Engineering, Amirkabir University of Technology, Tehran, Iran

Abstract- Wind energy plays a key role as a sustainable source of energy and wind turbines are a relevant source of power for many countries world-wide. This paper presents the CFD based Reynolds Averaged Navier-Stocks (RANS) equation using ANSYS-CFX software. The numerical simulations for Archimedes screw wind turbine (ASWT) is performed by using the standard k-ω SST turbulence model. The present wind turbine has three helical blades with 1.5 m in diameter. The simulation results of the pressure distribution, power coefficient and streamline velocities at various tip speed ratio (TSR) are presented and discussed.

Keywords- Archimedes Screw Wind Turbine, Pressure and Velocity Distribution and Power Coefficient

Download full paper PDF format (Page: 12-15)

Development and Evaluation of Engine Driven Corm Grating Machine

Gelgelo Kibi

Oromia Agricultural Research Institute, Bako Agricultural Engineering Research Center, P.O. Box 07, West Shoa, Bako

Abstract- Enset corm processing, in Ethiopia at present, is labour demanding and time consuming activity which calls for technology to make it efficient and lighten the burden on women. Engine operated inset corm grating machine was developed and the test was carried out at three levels drum speed (2000, 2200 and 2400rpm) for the most dominate three variety (Baladati, Farise and Sharte) at farmers farm. Performance of the machine was evaluated interims of Grating capacity (Kg/hr) and Grating uniformity (%) for all varieties. Grating efficiency (%) and Fuel consumption (Kg/ml) were taken for Baladati variety. Based on the results obtained, the grand mean grating capacity of 1048.3Kg/har (~1ton/hr) is recorded for the prototype. The optimum grating capacity of 1277Kg/hr was observed when the drum was operated at velocity of 2200rpm at Sharte variety; whereas the minimum grating capacity of 604.0Kg/hr was observed when the drum speed was 2000 rpm at Baladati variety. Fuel consumption of 1.32lit/hr was recorded at drum speed of 2400rpm and Baladati variety. The machine can be used by farmers for all varieties at drum speed range of 2200 – 2400rpm.

Keywords- Development, Corm, Evaluation, Grating and Inset

Download full paper PDF format (Page: 16-21)