Volume 4, Issue 4, April-May 2013


Traffic Engineering, QoS and MP-BGP VPNs in MPLS Networks

M. Zeeshan Gondal, M. Junaid Arshad and Husnain Ahmad

Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University of Engineering and Technology, Lahore, Pakistan
Virtual University (VU), Lahore, Pakistan

Abstract– In the recent past there have been an enormous growth in the use of Internet, and new real time connection oriented services like streaming technologies, transaction based services are in use and a lot of new ones are currently rising. As these new areas of services are becoming more and more important in field of networks, to ensure QoS in these fields has become more important than ever MPLS, which combine the Layer 2 and Layer 3 technologies, provide the ability to best control over traffic engineering, fast recovery in case of network failure, VPNs and tight QoS, offer guarantee service for all type of applications. The MPLS is most prominent back bone protocol adopted by most of the service providers. Our main goal of research work is to thoroughly understand MPLS with industry prospective and analyze its different applications, with emphasis on MPLS VPNs, and aspects with help of simulations in state of the art CISO simulator GNS3.

Keywords— MPLS (Multi Protocol Label Switching); TE (Traffic Engineering); MP-BGP (Multi Protocol Border Gateway Protocol), CEF (Cisco Express Forwarding), VRF (Virtual Routing and Forwarding), RD (Route Distinguisher) and RT (Route Target)

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Regression Analysis and Seasonal Influence Analysis of Production Yield in Finoplastika Industry

Ezeliora Chukwuemeka Daniel, Onyechi Pious Chukwukelue, Chinwuko Emmanuel Chuka and Ezeanyim Okechukwu Chiedu

Department of Industrial and Production Engineering, Nnamdi Azikiwe University Awka, Anambra State, Nigeria

Abstract– This research work was used to address the problem of Analysis of the forecasting of plastic yield in Finoplastika manufacturing industry. Data on production yield were collected from the industry covering a period of three years. Forecasting based time series technique was applied to understand the seasonal influence of their production system. However, there is always a sharp increase of product total in the month of April and a sharp fall in the month of October and November concurrently for over three years. It can also observe that the least product total indices are usually in the month of Septembers as it is express graphically. Furthermore, from the analysis of variance, when product total is dependent and p1-p8 are the independent, the coefficient of determination for the model obtained is r2= 98.7% which means that 98.7% is the proportion of variation in the dependent variable (month) that is explained by the variation in the independent variable (product total). Hence the model is fit for predicting the product total, since the coefficient of determination shows a strong relationship. The model was therefore used to suggest optimum monthly production output for different product types investigated. This will prevent the incident of under producing or over producing as identified.

Keywords— Regression, Seasonal Influence Forecasting, Production and Data

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Competition Strategies between Five Cell Phone Service Providers in Pakistan

Dr. Rukhsar Ahmed and Atif Hassan

Professor and Dean, Preston University Karachi, Pakistan
PhD Management Scholar, Ifugao State University, Philippines

Abstract– Paper on this research, applied by today's service providers for a variety of ways to attract the loyalty of customer’s loyalty. The GSM cell phone service providers in Pakistan and Pakistan on the GSM mobile phone service providers in the tough competition which aims to influence is facing a saturated market to identify the elements. Maintain and increase customer loyalty and achieve profitability and business success of the current to maintain the core solution. Some researchers customer loyalty, customer satisfaction and switching barriers have confirmed that the influential factors. In this study, the potential of the side of the figure shows the customer. On the sample size is 50 GSM survey of consumers are ready, 5 GSM cellular service providers in Pakistan, because each service provider 10 to the sample size, this sample size of 50 for five service providers to configure.

Keywords— Customer Loyalty, Experience, Emotional, Strategies and Cell Phones

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Particle Collection Efficiency as Affected by Blower Impeller Speed in a Stairmands High Efficiency Cyclone

ORIAKU E. C., OFODILE E.I.E, AGULANNA C.N and EDEH C.J

Engineering Research, Development and Production (ERDP) Department, Projects, Development Institute, (PRODA) Emene, Enugu
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Nnamdi Azikiwe University (NAU), Awka, Anambra State

Abstract– A study of several cyclone efficiency curves reveal that particle sizes ranging from about 25 – 100 μm are readily collected with efficiency above 85%. Very low percentages of fine particles (below 25μm) are collected with conventional cyclones, whereas collection of higher percentage of fine particles is achieved using high efficiency cyclones. In order to maximize fine particle collection, a Stairmand’s cyclone was run on several entry velocities ranging from 9.15m/s to 24.08m/s. These entry velocities were achieved with the help of a micromill run at speeds between 1500rpm and 3750rpm with 250rpm increments. 2kg of toasted soyabean seeds of moisture content 9.05% (db) were crushed within an average time of 10mins and delivered into the cyclone. Samples were collected after each run and analyzed using an Ocular micrometer. Particle sizes obtained ranged from 0.1μm to 100μm. Analysis showed that the highest percentage of fine particles collected occurred at inlet velocity of 17.14m/s corresponding to 2500rpm with a value of 90%. The data obtained from this analysis would be useful in poultry feed, pharmaceutical, chemical and other such industries where specific particle sizes are required in the production of feed, drugs and chemical compounds.

Keywords— Inlet Velocity, Cyclone, Particle Size and Percentage Collection

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A Review on FEM Analysis of Mandibular Overdenture Implant

Ashutosh D. Bagde, Dr. S.B. Jaju and Dr. P.G. Patil

G.H. Raisoni College Engineering, Nagpur-440016, Maharashtra, India
Department of Prosthodontics, Government Dental College and Hospital, Nagpur-440003, Maharashtra, India

Abstract– Various types of attachment techniques are available for overdenture implants. The design of removable overdenture for good retention & stability is difficult. This paper reviews various concepts involved in overdenture implant design and their comparison. It is seen that many treatment concepts involving mandibular overdenture are based on empirical experiences of individual. Clinicians often base their selection of implant location and attachment systems empirically on expected retentive quality. Various location methods are presented along with a comparison of Monovum i.e., single implant overdenture with other types of attachments.

Keywords— Overdenture, Bar and Clip Attachment, Ball Attachment and Single Implant Overdenture

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DC Motor Speed Control: A Case between PID Controller and Fuzzy Logic Controller

Philip A. Adewuyi

Mechatronics Engineering Option, Department of Mechanical and Biomedical Engineering, Bells University of Technology, Ota, Nigeria

Abstract– Proportional-Integral-Derivative (PID) controllers have gained wide popularity in the control of DC motors. Their performances, though require some degree of manual tuning by the operator, are still satisfactory but a means of auto-tuning is desirable. In this paper, the performance of a select dc motor controlled by a proportional-integral-derivative (PID) controller is investigated. An overshoot is observed with an accompanied large settling time thereby confirming the behavior of a typical PID controller. It is therefore a matter of necessity to tune the PID controller in order to obtain the desired performance. On the other hand, a fuzzy logic based controller applied to the dc motor is investigated. With the application of appropriate expert rules, there is no overshoot and the settling time is within the desired value. With fuzzy logic controller, manual tuning is eliminated and intelligent tuning takes the centre stage with satisfactory performance.

Keywords— PID, Fuzzy Logic, Controller, Intelligence and PID Tuning

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A New Approach of Map Quality Evaluation Applied to Khartoum State Survey Authority (Sudan)

Dr. NagiZomrawi Mohammed and Sana ElsheikhEltegany Elsheikh

Sudan University of Science and Technology, Sudan (SUST.edu)
Khartoum Survey Authority, Sudan

Abstract– This study was oriented to develop a new approach for evaluation map products. Anew evaluation approach was developed according to existence and satisfaction of the map to the required mapping criteria. Khartoum state survey authority map products wereaimed to be evaluated in this work. Map of Kafory block3area that produced by Khartoum survey authoritywas selected to be a sample map.In order to apply this new approach,number of evaluation criteria’s were selected and adopting to kafory block3 map. Then, the proposed satisfaction factor was computed and was found to be about 36% of the ideal product. The new developed evaluation method was proved to be simple, easy and applicable by even non-specialist.

Keywords— Map Standards, Quality Control, Quality Assurance and N-Satisfaction Factor

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Utilization of Sawdust (Gossweilerodendron Balsamiferum) as an Adsorbent for the Removal of Total Dissolved Solid Particles from Wastewater

Obiora-Okafo Ifeoma A. and Onukwuli O.D.

Chemical Engineering Department, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Nigeria

Abstract– In this paper, the effectiveness of granular activated carbon made from agricultural waste (sawdust) for the removal of Total Dissolved Solid Particles (TDSP) in wastewater from a brewery industry was investigated. The adsorbent activation capacity was enhanced by treating it with acid. Batch mode experiments were conducted to study the effects of contact time, pH, temperature, and adsorbent dosages on TDSP adsorption. Equilibrium adsorption isotherms, kinetics and sorption mechanism were investigated from the results generated from batch experiment. The experimental data were analyzed by Langmuir, Freundlich, and Temkin models and the isotherm data fitted well to the Langmuir isotherm, with monolayer adsorption capacity of 8.40mg/g. The kinetic data obtained at different dosages were analyzed using Pseudo-first order, Pseudo-second order and the sorption mechanism was also analyzed using Intraparticle diffusion model. The experimental data fitted very well the Pseudo-second order kinetic model. The intraparticle diffusion analysis obtained shows the adsorption process as one of the rate determining steps. The sawdust activated carbon in acid (SACA) was found to be effective and economically viable adsorbent for TDSP adsorption.

Keywords— Adsorption, FTIR, Kinetics, Thermodynamic, Isotherms and Sawdust

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